An allergic reaction is caused by a foreign protein that is harmless to a non-allergic person. This is called an allergen. Almost any foreign protein can be an allergen to someone. Sometimes the reaction occurs after contact of the protein with the skin or after injection of the protein into the blood by a bite (e.g. a hamster) or a sting of an insect. Some drugs which are not proteins can also induce an allergic reaction. This is because these drugs (such as penicillin) can bind to body proteins, creating a complex that can induce an allergic reaction. The drug is not a real allergen, and is called a hapten ( a small molecule that binds to own proteins, being transformed into all allergen).
Allergens are usually divided into two groups:
1. Common inhalant allergens
house dust mites, pollen pets, moulds
2. Common food allergens
- egg, cow’s milk, soy, wheat (children below 3-years old)
- peanuts, fish, shrimp (children above 3-years old)
However, the distinction is not really strict as both types can induce reactions by either the inhaled or oral route.
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar